A dynamic preheater assembly ensures that water entering the coffee boiler is at precisely 170 degrees. 170-degree water replaces the hot water exiting the group, reducing temperature swings in the coffee boiler. An algorithm-based PID temperature controller further reduces temperature fluctuation in the coffee boiler. A group cap designed by Piero Bambi and an integrated ruby flow restrictor reduces channeling and ensure that water never leaves the saturated area of the coffee boiler; this eliminates the introduction of temperature instability during the brewing process. Dual Boiler system, PID temperature controlled, LCD Screen, Barista Lights, Pre-Heating System. Available in 2,3, and 4 groups.